:root{
  --bg: #eeeee7;
  --bg-raised: #f6f6f1;
  --ink: #191917;
  --ink-soft: #55564f;
  --ink-faint: #8a8b81;
  --accent: #34425a;
  --flag: #a63a24;
  --line: #d8d8cd;
  --max: 760px;
  --font: 'Inter', 'Noto Sans SC', -apple-system, sans-serif;
}
*{box-sizing:border-box;}
html{scroll-behavior:smooth;}
body{
  margin:0;
  background:var(--bg);
  color:var(--ink);
  font-family:var(--font);
  font-size:17px;
  line-height:1.65;
  -webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;
}
a{color:var(--accent);}
.wrap{max-width:var(--max); margin:0 auto; padding:0 28px;}

.eyebrow{
  font-family:var(--font);
  font-weight:700;
  font-size:12px;
  letter-spacing:.1em;
  text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--ink-faint);
}

/* language toggling: default English; html[lang="zh"] flips it */
.zh{display:none;}
html[lang="zh"] .en{display:none;}
html[lang="zh"] .zh{display:initial;}

/* block-level language toggle (paragraphs, list items, etc.) */
.zh-block{display:none;}
html[lang="zh"] .en-block{display:none;}
html[lang="zh"] .zh-block{display:block;}

/* NAV */
nav{
  position:sticky; top:0; z-index:20;
  background:rgba(238,238,231,.9);
  backdrop-filter:blur(6px);
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
}
.navwrap{
  display:flex; align-items:center; justify-content:space-between;
  padding-top:16px; padding-bottom:16px; gap:20px; flex-wrap:wrap;
}
.nav-name{
  font-family:var(--font);
  font-weight:700;
  font-size:13px; letter-spacing:.04em;
  color:var(--ink);
  text-decoration:none;
  white-space:nowrap;
}
.nav-right{display:flex; align-items:center; gap:26px; flex-wrap:wrap;}
.nav-links{display:flex; gap:24px; list-style:none; margin:0; padding:0;}
.nav-links a{
  font-size:13px; font-weight:500; text-decoration:none; color:var(--ink-soft);
  position:relative; padding-bottom:2px;
}
.nav-links a::after{
  content:""; position:absolute; left:0; bottom:0; width:0; height:1px;
  background:var(--flag); transition:width .25s ease;
}
.nav-links a:hover::after, .nav-links a.active::after{width:100%;}
.nav-links a:hover, .nav-links a.active{color:var(--ink); font-weight:700;}

.lang-toggle{
  font-family:var(--font);
  font-weight:600;
  font-size:12px;
  background:var(--bg-raised);
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  color:var(--ink-soft);
  border-radius:3px;
  padding:6px 12px;
  cursor:pointer;
  transition:border-color .2s ease, color .2s ease;
}
.lang-toggle:hover{border-color:var(--flag); color:var(--flag);}

/* HERO */
header.hero{padding:88px 0 56px;}
.hero h1{
  font-family:var(--font);
  font-weight:700;
  font-size:clamp(26px, 3.6vw, 36px);
  line-height:1.25;
  margin:18px 0 20px;
  letter-spacing:-.005em;
}
.hero p.lede{
  font-size:18px; color:var(--ink-soft); max-width:58ch; margin:0 0 40px;
}

/* terminology signature */
.terms{
  display:flex; flex-wrap:wrap; gap:10px 12px; align-items:flex-start;
  padding-top:8px;
}
.term{
  position:relative;
  font-family:var(--font);
  font-weight:600;
  font-size:13px;
  padding:6px 12px;
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:3px;
  cursor:default;
  background:var(--bg-raised);
  transition:border-color .2s ease, color .2s ease;
}
.term .label{position:relative; z-index:1; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:.04em;}
.term .strike{
  position:absolute; left:8px; right:8px; top:50%;
  height:1px; background:var(--flag);
  transform:scaleX(0); transform-origin:left;
  transition:transform .35s ease;
}
.term:hover{border-color:var(--flag); color:var(--flag);}
.term:hover .strike{transform:scaleX(1);}
.gloss{
  font-family:var(--font);
  font-style:italic;
  font-size:15px; color:var(--ink-soft);
  max-width:58ch;
  min-height:26px;
  margin-top:16px;
  opacity:0; transform:translateY(-4px);
  transition:opacity .2s ease, transform .2s ease;
}
html[lang="zh"] .gloss{font-style:normal;}
.gloss.show{opacity:1; transform:translateY(0);}
.gloss::before{content:"— "; color:var(--flag);}

/* media grid — photo column + text column, side by side with breathing gap */
.media-grid{
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(200px, 300px) 1fr;
  gap:0 40px;
  align-items:start;
}
.media-grid--compact{
  grid-template-columns: 140px 1fr;
}
.media-grid--wide{
  grid-template-columns: minmax(240px, 340px) 1fr;
}
@media (max-width:640px){
  .media-grid, .media-grid--compact, .media-grid--wide{grid-template-columns:1fr;}
}
.portrait-frame{margin:0; padding:0;}
.portrait-frame .frame-border{
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  overflow:hidden;
}
.portrait-frame img{
  display:block; width:100%; height:auto;
  filter:grayscale(1) contrast(1.02);
}
.portrait-frame img.no-filter{filter:none;}
.portrait-frame figcaption{
  font-family:var(--font); font-size:11px; color:var(--ink-faint);
  margin-top:10px;
}

/* generic page header (non-home pages) */
.page-head{padding:70px 0 24px;}
.page-head h1{
  font-family:var(--font); font-weight:700;
  font-size:clamp(28px, 4.4vw, 40px);
  margin:14px 0 0;
}

/* SECTIONS */
section{padding:56px 0; border-top:1px solid var(--line);}
section:first-of-type{border-top:none;}
section h2{
  font-family:var(--font); font-weight:700;
  font-size:24px; margin:0 0 26px;
}
.section-grid{display:grid; grid-template-columns:140px 1fr; gap:0 32px;}
.section-grid .eyebrow{padding-top:6px;}
@media (max-width:600px){
  .section-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}
  .section-grid .eyebrow{margin-bottom:8px;}
}

p{margin:0 0 16px; color:var(--ink-soft);}
p:last-child{margin-bottom:0;}
strong{color:var(--ink); font-weight:700;}
em{font-style:italic; color:inherit;}

.field-block + .field-block{margin-top:34px; padding-top:30px; border-top:1px dashed var(--line);}
.field-block h3{
  font-family:var(--font); font-weight:700; font-size:16px; color:var(--ink);
  margin:0 0 6px;
}
.field-meta{
  font-family:var(--font); font-weight:600; font-size:12px; color:var(--ink-faint);
  margin-bottom:12px; letter-spacing:.02em;
}

/* positions list */
.pos-list{list-style:none; margin:0; padding:0;}
.pos-list li{
  padding:14px 0; border-top:1px dashed var(--line);
  display:flex; justify-content:space-between; gap:16px; flex-wrap:wrap;
}
.pos-list li:first-child{border-top:none;}
.pos-role{color:var(--ink); font-weight:700;}
.pos-org a{font-size:14px;}

/* publication titles */
.pub-list{list-style:none; margin:0; padding:0;}
.pub-list li{
  padding:16px 0; border-top:1px dashed var(--line);
  font-family:var(--font); font-style:italic; font-size:16px; color:var(--ink);
  line-height:1.5;
}
html[lang="zh"] .pub-list li{font-style:normal;}
.pub-list li:first-child{border-top:none;}

.link-row{margin-top:28px;}
.link-row a{
  font-family:var(--font); font-weight:600; font-size:13px;
  text-decoration:none; color:var(--accent);
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line); padding-bottom:2px;
}
.link-row a:hover{border-color:var(--flag); color:var(--flag);}

/* contact page */
.contact-hero{padding:120px 0 140px;}
.contact-hero .plain-email{
  font-family:var(--font); font-weight:500;
  font-size:17px;
  color:var(--ink);
  text-decoration:none;
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
}
.contact-hero .plain-email:hover{border-color:var(--flag); color:var(--flag);}

footer{padding:40px 0 64px; border-top:1px solid var(--line);}
footer .wrap{
  display:flex; flex-wrap:wrap; justify-content:space-between; align-items:center; gap:16px;
  font-family:var(--font); font-weight:500; font-size:12px; color:var(--ink-faint);
}
footer a{color:var(--ink-faint);}

.reveal{opacity:0; transform:translateY(14px); transition:opacity .6s ease, transform .6s ease;}
.reveal.in{opacity:1; transform:translateY(0);}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){
  .reveal{opacity:1; transform:none; transition:none;}
  html{scroll-behavior:auto;}
}